Dative+bonds

- Dative à To donate
 * Important terms to note: **

- Lone Pair à A valence electron pair that is not involved in chemical bonding, and is not shared with other atoms

- Ammonia (NH 3 )
 * Molecules that can undergo dative bonds: **

à It has a lone pair, which can be donated to another ion, atom or molecule à For example, to a hydrogen ion:

à Another example, to HCl

- Boron Fluoride (BF 3 )

à As seen on the diagram, Boron in BF 3 does not have 8 electrons in its valence shell à Also known as electron deficit

- Ammonia and Boron Fluoride à Boron in BF 3 can accept a pair of electrons for nitrogen in NH3 à Forms ammonium-boron trifluoride

- Aluminium Chloride (AlCl 3 ) à Aluminium Chloride, like Boron Fluoride, is electron deficit à Aluminium and Boron are in the same group with same number of valence electrons, and so are Chlorine and Fluorine. Therefore, there is likely to be a similarity.

**Video**
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**Reference**
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